CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The purpose of credit in banks is to earn interest and make profit. It follows that principles of goods lending shall be concerned with ensuring, so far as possible that the borrower will be able to make scheduled payments with interest in full and within the required time period otherwise, the profit from an interest earned is reduced or even wiped out by the bad debt when the customer eventually defaults.Credit management is concerned primarily with managing debtors and financing debts. The objectives of credit management can be stated as safe guarding the companies investments in debtors and optimizing operational cash flows. Politics and procedures must be applied for granting credit to customers, collecting payment and limiting the risk of non payments.
An important function of credit management is credit control. This is primarily a process of deciding how much credit should be given to customers or borrowers and ensuring compliances with the credit terms that is given for controlling credit repayments.
1.1. BACKGROUND OF STUDY
Banking started in Nigeria in 1892. ABC was established in Lagos on mutation EDC. ABC was based in South Africa but opened a branch in Lagos to finance the shipping business of EDC which was operating steam-ship service and from that time commercial banking started and we have different ones with so many branches.After some time, some banks were liquidating because
In a positive step to offer a counter institution, European banks, the industrial and commercial bank was established in 1929 by a group of Nigerians, this bank tried to do what the earlier British Banks were reluctant to do by offering credit liberally to Nigerian particularly Managing Directors within a years, it went into liquidation.
Commercial banks are banks principally engaged in retract banking and while concentrating in large urban areas, they never spread their tentacles to virtually all the nooks and crannies of the country with same having off shore branches.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The problem facing the banking industries are very numerous and most of the problems are due to lack of appreciations of the crucial roles that bank plays in our economy. Such problem includes unstable micro economy within, which the banks operate.
Skye bank is a well known commercial bank that offers full range of services such as lending of fund to customers, loan and overdraft to companies and also discounting bills of exchange fro national and international business men, therefore, increasing the Gross National Product (GNP).
In this research, a bank without an effective credit management technique is likely to encounter the following:
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The objective of this research works centers around finding ways of solving a particular problem that is determining the effective of the credit management techniques set by Skye Bank in controlling its credit extended to its prospective customers.To discuss the role of banks in the economics development of Nigeria.
To evaluate the effect of poor credit management to bank distress in Nigeria.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTION
1.5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
For the purpose of this study the research hypothesis will be analyzed as follows:
TEST I
Ho: The techniques employed in collecting debt loan do not encourage quick Repayment
Hi: The techniques employed in collecting loans encourage quick repayment.
TEST II
Hi: Defect in credit management will not lead to increase in bad debt
Ho: Defect in credit management will lead to increase in bad debt.
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
1.7 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The scope of this study will cover the appraisal and credit management in banks, in which Skye bank is used as the case study of the research work.
The limitation of this study is based on the extent at which data rate made available, also the problem of fund and also the problem of time constraints.
1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS
The following terms are defined below in order to make it easier and understandable for a layman.
It is concerned primarily with managing debtors and financing debts. It is achieved by collecting payment in accordance with the agreed terms.
it is a rule within which credit management operates for determining how much credit to give and on what term and dealing with late payers including taking them to court.
It is the process of assessing customers’ application for credit. It is the systematic approach for deciding individual’s credit limit that treats all customers fairly.
COLLECTION PROCEDURES AND CREDIT MONITORING
This is important for collection of cash, collection of debts risking the loss of customer’s goodwill in the future.
It is concerned about the credit, risk of borrowers therefore, a bank can decide on the following:
It is a process of deciding how much credit should be given to customers or borrowers and ensuring compliance with the credits terms that are set.
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